Photosynthesis
Biology · Class 11
How plants convert light energy into glucose. Covers light reactions, Calvin cycle, and factors affecting photosynthesis.
Topics in This Chapter
Photosynthesis: Simple Explanation for Class 11 Biology
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water. It occurs in chloroplasts. The byproduct is oxygen. This is the foundation of almost all food chains on Earth.
Light Reactions of Photosynthesis — Step by Step
Light reactions are the first stage of photosynthesis. They occur on the thylakoid membranes, use light energy to split water, and produce ATP, NADPH, and oxygen. These products power the Calvin cycle.
Calvin Cycle — The Light-Independent Reactions Explained
The Calvin cycle is the second stage of photosynthesis. It occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts, uses ATP and NADPH from the light reactions, and fixes CO2 into glucose. It does not need light directly, but it depends on light reaction products.
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